Book 48: Pledges

Sahih al-Bukhari

Sahih al-Bukhari 2508

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ وَلَقَدْ رَهَنَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم دِرْعَهُ بِشَعِيرٍ وَمَشَيْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِخُبْزِ شَعِيرٍ وَإِهَالَةٍ سَنِخَةٍ وَلَقَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ " مَا أَصْبَحَ لآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلاَّ صَاعٌ وَلاَ أَمْسَى ". وَإِنَّهُمْ لَتِسْعَةُ أَبْيَاتٍ.

Muslim bin Ibrahim told us. Hisham (Dastuwa'i) narrated to us that Qatadah told us. He narrated from Hazrat Anas (ra). He said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) had pledged his coat of mail in exchange for barley, and I went to the Prophet (saw) with barley bread and rancid fat, and I heard him saying: “The household of Muhammad (saw) has nothing for morning and evening except one Sa' (of grain),” although they are nine households (how astonishing).

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Sahih al-Bukhari 2509

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ قَالَ تَذَاكَرْنَا عِنْدَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّهْنَ وَالْقَبِيلَ فِي السَّلَفِ فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ حَدَّثَنَا الأَسْوَدُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم اشْتَرَى مِنْ يَهُودِيٍّ طَعَامًا إِلَى أَجَلٍ وَرَهَنَهُ دِرْعَهُ.

Musaddad told us that Abdul Wahid (bin Ziyad) informed us that A'mash narrated to us. He said: In the presence of Ibrahim (Nakha'i) we mentioned buying something on credit and pledging something one owns and giving a surety, and Ibrahim said: Aswad told us, narrating from Hazrat Aishah (ra), that the Prophet (saw) took some grain on credit from a Jew for a fixed term and left his coat of mail with him as a pledge.

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Sahih al-Bukhari 2510

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ قَالَ عَمْرٌو سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ لِكَعْبِ بْنِ الأَشْرَفِ فَإِنَّهُ آذَى اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ صلى الله عليه وسلم ". فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ أَنَا. فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ تُسْلِفَنَا وَسْقًا أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ. فَقَالَ ارْهَنُونِي نِسَاءَكُمْ. قَالُوا كَيْفَ نَرْهَنُكَ نِسَاءَنَا وَأَنْتَ أَجْمَلُ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ فَارْهَنُونِي أَبْنَاءَكُمْ. قَالُوا كَيْفَ نَرْهَنُ أَبْنَاءَنَا فَيُسَبُّ أَحَدُهُمْ فَيُقَالُ رُهِنَ بِوَسْقٍ أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ هَذَا عَارٌ عَلَيْنَا وَلَكِنَّا نَرْهَنُكَ اللأْمَةَ ـ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ يَعْنِي السِّلاَحَ ـ فَوَعَدَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ فَقَتَلُوهُ ثُمَّ أَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَخْبَرُوهُ.

Ali bin Abdullah narrated to us that Sufyan (bin Uyainah) told us. Amr (bin Dinar) said: I heard Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah (ra). He used to say that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Who will deal with Ka'b bin Ashraf? He has spoken most foully about Allah and His Messenger (saw).” Thereupon Muhammad bin Maslamah (ra) said: I (will). So he went to him and said: We want you to lend us one Wasq (one maund) or two Wasqs (two maunds) of grain. He said: Pledge your women to me. They said: How can we pledge our women to you when you are the most handsome of the Arabs? He said: Then pledge your sons to me. They said: How can we pledge our sons to you? Each of them would keep being taunted. People would say: He was pledged in return for one or two Wasqs. That would be a disgrace for us. However, we will pledge our coats of mail to you. Sufyan said: By la'mah, weapons are meant. He made an appointment with Muhammad bin Maslamah (ra) that he would come to him again, and then he killed him, and after that they came to the Prophet (saw) and related the incident to him (saw).

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Sahih al-Bukhari 2511

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ عَنْ عَامِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ " الرَّهْنُ يُرْكَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ وَيُشْرَبُ لَبَنُ الدَّرِّ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا ".

Abu Nu'aim narrated to us that Zakariyya (bin Abi Za'idah) told us. He narrated from Amir, Amir from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra), Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra) from the Prophet (saw), that the Holy Prophet (saw) used to say: “A pledged animal may be ridden because money is spent on it, and the milk of an animal that gives milk may also be drunk while it is pledged.”

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Sahih al-Bukhari 2512

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُقَاتِلٍ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم. " الرَّهْنُ يُرْكَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَلَبَنُ الدَّرِّ يُشْرَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَعَلَى الَّذِي يَرْكَبُ وَيَشْرَبُ النَّفَقَةُ ".

Muhammad bin Muqatil narrated to us that Abdullah (bin Mubarak) informed us that Zakariyya told us. He narrated from Sha'bi, Sha'bi from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra). He said that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “An animal that is pledged may be ridden because money is spent on its fodder, and likewise a milch animal that is pledged may be milked because money is also spent on its fodder, and the one who rides and the one who drinks the animal's milk shall bear the cost of its fodder.”

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Sahih al-Bukhari 2513

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتِ اشْتَرَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ يَهُودِيٍّ طَعَامًا وَرَهَنَهُ دِرْعَهُ.

Qutaibah (bin Sa'id) narrated to us that Jarir told us. He narrated from A'mash, A'mash from Ibrahim, Ibrahim from Aswad, Aswad from Hazrat Aishah (ra). She used to say: The Messenger of Allah (saw) bought grain from a Jew and pledged his coat of mail with him.

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Sahih al-Bukhari 2514

حَدَّثَنَا خَلاَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى حَدَّثَنَا نَافِعُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَكَتَبَ إِلَىَّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَضَى أَنَّ الْيَمِينَ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ.

Khallad bin Yahya narrated to us that Nafi' bin Umar told us. He narrated from Ibn Abi Mulaikah that he said: I wrote to Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra) (about the case of two women), and he wrote to me in reply that the Prophet (saw) has decided that the oath is to be taken from the defendant.

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Sahih al-Bukhari 2515

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنه مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ يَسْتَحِقُّ بِهَا مَالاً وَهْوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهْوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَصْدِيقَ ذَلِكَ {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلاً} فَقَرَأَ إِلَى {عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ}.ثُمَّ إِنَّ الأَشْعَثَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا فَقَالَ مَا يُحَدِّثُكُمْ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ فَحَدَّثْنَاهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ لَفِيَّ وَاللَّهِ أُنْزِلَتْ كَانَتْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَجُلٍ خُصُومَةٌ فِي بِئْرٍ فَاخْتَصَمْنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " شَاهِدُكَ أَوْ يَمِينُهُ ". قُلْتُ إِنَّهُ إِذًا يَحْلِفُ وَلاَ يُبَالِي. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ يَسْتَحِقُّ بِهَا مَالاً هُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهْوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ ". فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَصْدِيقَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ اقْتَرَأَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلاً} إِلَى {وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ}.

Qutaibah bin Sa'id narrated to us that Jarir told us. He narrated from Mansur, Mansur from Abu Wa'il. He said: Hazrat Abdullah (bin Mas'ud) (ra) used to say: Whoever swears an oath in order to make some property his own by means of that oath, while he is lying in that oath, will meet Allah in such a state that He will be angry with him. Then Allah revealed the confirmation of this statement: “As for those who take a paltry price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths...” (Qur’an 3:78) He recited up to (the end of the verse) ...a grievous punishment. After this Hazrat Ash'ath bin Qais (ra) came to us and asked: What was Abu Abdur Rahman talking about with you? (Abu Wa'il) said: We related this hadith to him. He used to say: He said: Abu Abdur Rahman has spoken the truth. By God, this verse was revealed about me alone. There was a dispute between me and a certain man about a well. We took our dispute to the Messenger of Allah (saw). The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Bring your witnesses, or else he shall swear.” I said: He will just swear and will not care. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Whoever swears such an oath by which he wants to make some property his own, while he is lying in it, will meet Allah in such a state that He will be angry with him.” Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed the confirmation of this. Then (Hazrat Ash'ath (ra)) recited this verse: “As for those who take a paltry price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths... and for them shall be a grievous punishment.” (Qur’an 3:78)

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Sahih al-Bukhari 2516

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنه مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ يَسْتَحِقُّ بِهَا مَالاً وَهْوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهْوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَصْدِيقَ ذَلِكَ {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلاً} فَقَرَأَ إِلَى {عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ}.ثُمَّ إِنَّ الأَشْعَثَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا فَقَالَ مَا يُحَدِّثُكُمْ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ فَحَدَّثْنَاهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ لَفِيَّ وَاللَّهِ أُنْزِلَتْ كَانَتْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَجُلٍ خُصُومَةٌ فِي بِئْرٍ فَاخْتَصَمْنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " شَاهِدُكَ أَوْ يَمِينُهُ ". قُلْتُ إِنَّهُ إِذًا يَحْلِفُ وَلاَ يُبَالِي. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ يَسْتَحِقُّ بِهَا مَالاً هُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهْوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ ". فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَصْدِيقَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ اقْتَرَأَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلاً} إِلَى {وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ}.

Qutaibah bin Sa'id narrated to us that Jarir told us. He narrated from Mansur, Mansur from Abu Wa'il. He said: Hazrat Abdullah (bin Mas'ud) (ra) used to say: Whoever swears an oath in order to make some property his own by means of that oath, while he is lying in that oath, will meet Allah in such a state that He will be angry with him. Then Allah revealed the confirmation of this statement: “As for those who take a paltry price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths...” (Qur’an 3:78) He recited up to (the end of the verse) ...a grievous punishment. After this Hazrat Ash'ath bin Qais (ra) came to us and asked: What was Abu Abdur Rahman talking about with you? (Abu Wa'il) said: We related this hadith to him. He used to say: He said: Abu Abdur Rahman has spoken the truth. By God, this verse was revealed about me alone. There was a dispute between me and a certain man about a well. We took our dispute to the Messenger of Allah (saw). The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Bring your witnesses, or else he shall swear.” I said: He will just swear and will not care. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Whoever swears such an oath by which he wants to make some property his own, while he is lying in it, will meet Allah in such a state that He will be angry with him.” Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed the confirmation of this. Then (Hazrat Ash'ath (ra)) recited this verse: “As for those who take a paltry price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths... and for them shall be a grievous punishment.” (Qur’an 3:78)

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