Book 82: Divine Decree
Sahih al-Bukhari
Sahih al-Bukhari 6594
Abul Walid Hisham bin Abdul Malik narrated to us that Shu'bah told us. Sulaiman A'mash informed us. He said: I heard Zaid bin Wahb. Zaid narrated from Hazrat Abdullah (bin Mas'ud (ra)). He said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) narrated to us, and he (saw) was truthful and was told only the truth. He (saw) said: “The constituent parts of each one of you are gathered in his mother's womb for forty days. Then, in a like period, it becomes a clot (alaqah). Then, in a like period, it becomes a lump of flesh (mudghah). Then Allah sends an angel, and he is commanded concerning four things: concerning his provision and his lifespan, and whether he will be wretched or blessed. Then the soul is breathed into him. By Allah, one of you,” or he said, “a man, keeps doing the deeds of the people of Hell until there remains between him and Hell only a fathom,” or he said, “an arm's length, and then what is written for him overtakes him, and he does the deeds of the people of Paradise and enters Paradise. And a man keeps doing the deeds of the people of Paradise until there remain between him and Paradise only one or two arm's lengths, when what is written for him overtakes him, and he does the deeds of the people of Hell and goes into Hell.” Adam (the narrator) said illa dhira'un instead of (ghairu dhira'in).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6595
Sulaiman bin Harb narrated to us that Hammad (bin Zaid) told us. He narrated from Ubaidullah bin Abi Bakr bin Anas, Ubaidullah from Hazrat Anas bin Malik (ra), Hazrat Anas (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said: “Allah has appointed an angel over the womb, and he keeps saying: ‘O Lord, now it is a drop of semen (nutfah). O Lord, now it is a clot (alaqah). O Lord, now it is a lump of flesh (mudghah).’ And if Allah wills to complete its creation, that angel asks: ‘O my Lord, is it to be male or female, wretched or blessed, and what is its provision to be and what its lifespan?’ So it is written thus while it is in its mother's womb.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6596
Adam narrated to us that Shu'bah told us. Yazid Rishk narrated to us. Yazid said: I heard Mutarrif bin Abdullah bin Shikhkhir. He narrated from Hazrat Imran bin Husain (ra) that he used to say: A man said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), will the people of Paradise be distinguished from the people of Hell?” He (saw) said: “Yes.” He said: “Then why do those who act, act?” He (saw) said: “Everyone is doing deeds in accordance with that for which he was created,” or (he said:) “that for which he is enabled.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6597
Muhammad bin Bashshar narrated to us that Ghundar told us. Shu'bah narrated to us. Shu'bah narrated from Abu Bishr (Ja'far bin Abi Wahshiyyah), Abu Bishr from Sa'id bin Jubair, Sa'id from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra). He said: The Prophet (saw) was asked about the children of the idolaters, and he (saw) said: “Allah knows best what they would have done.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6598
Yahya bin Bukair narrated to us that Laith told us. He narrated from Yunus, Yunus from Ibn Shihab. He said: And Ata bin Yazid told me that he heard Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra). He used to say: The Messenger of Allah (saw) was asked about the children of the idolaters. He (saw) said: “Allah knows best what deeds they would have done.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6599
Ishaq bin Ibrahim informed us that Abdur Razzaq told us that Ma'mar (bin Rashid) informed us. Ma'mar narrated from Hammam (bin Munabbih), Hammam from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra). He said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “There is no child who is not born upon the natural disposition (fitrah); then it is his parents who make him a Jew or a Christian. (They are born in just the same way) as you breed offspring from cattle. Do you find any among these cattle with a cut ear? It is you yourselves who cut their ears.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6600
They said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), tell us then about one who dies in such a state that he is still small?” He (saw) said: “Allah knows best what they would have done.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6601
Abdullah bin Yusuf narrated to us that Malik told us. He narrated from Abuz Zinad, Abuz Zinad from A'raj, A'raj from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra). He said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “No woman should raise the question of her sister's divorce so that she may pour her sister's plate into her own plate and marry, for she will have only what has been decreed for her.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6602
Malik bin Isma'il narrated to us that Isra'il told us. He narrated from Asim (bin Sulaiman), Asim from Abu Uthman, Abu Uthman from Hazrat Usamah (ra). He said: I was with the Prophet (saw) when a messenger came to him (saw) from one of his (saw) daughters, saying that her son was in the throes of death. At that time Hazrat Sa'd (bin Ubadah (ra)), Hazrat Ubayy bin Ka'b (ra) and Hazrat Mu'adh (bin Jabal (ra)) were sitting with him (saw), and he (saw) sent word to her: “To Allah belongs what He takes, and to Allah belongs what He gives. Everything has a fixed term. Therefore she should be patient and seek the pleasure of Allah.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6603
Hibban bin Musa narrated to us that Abdullah (bin Mubarak) told us. Yunus (bin Yazid) informed us. Yunus narrated from Zuhri. Zuhri said: Abdullah bin Muhairiz Jumahi told me that Hazrat Abu Sa'id Khudri (ra) told him that he was once sitting with the Prophet (saw) when a man of the Ansar (Helpers) came and said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), we get captive (women), and we love wealth, so what is your opinion about coitus interruptus (azl)?” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Do you do that? Even if you do not do it, there is no harm for you, for every soul that Allah has decreed to be born will certainly come into being.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6604
Musa bin Mas'ud narrated to us that Sufyan (Thauri) told us. He narrated from A'mash, A'mash from Abu Wa'il, Abu Wa'il from Hazrat Hudhaifah (ra). He said: The Prophet (saw) addressed us in a speech in which he (saw) left out nothing that was to happen until the coming of the Hour, but he (saw) mentioned it. Those who understood it understood it, and those who did not understand it did not. If I thought I had forgotten something, I would then recognise it, just as a man recognises someone he knew when that person has been absent from him and then, on seeing him, he recognises him.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6605
Abdan narrated to us. He narrated from Abu Hamzah, Abu Hamzah from A'mash, A'mash from Sa'd bin Ubaidah, Sa'd from Abu Abdur Rahman Sulami, and he from Hazrat Ali (ra). He said: We were sitting with the Prophet (saw), and he (saw) had a stick with which he (saw) was gently striking the ground. Then he (saw) lowered his head and said: “There is none of you whose abode has not been fixed either in the Fire or in Paradise.” Then a man among the people said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), should we not rely on that?” He (saw) said: “No. Keep on doing deeds; for everyone things have been made easy.” Then he (saw) recited this verse: “Then as for him who gives and is righteous, ...” (Qur’an 92:6).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6606
Hibban bin Musa narrated to us that Abdullah (bin Mubarak) told us. Ma'mar informed us. Ma'mar narrated from Zuhri, Zuhri from Sa'id bin Musayyab, Sa'id from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra). He said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (saw) at Khaibar. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said about a man who claimed to be a Muslim and was among those who were in his (saw) company: “This man is among the people of Hell.” When the fighting began, that man fought very fiercely and received many wounds, which left him unable to move. Then one of the Companions of the Prophet (saw) came and said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), have you seen the man about whom you said that he is among the people of Hell? He fought very fiercely in the way of Allah and received many wounds.” The Prophet (saw) said: “Be that as it may, he is among the people of Hell.” (On hearing this) some of the Muslims were close to falling into doubt. He was still saying these things when that man felt the pain of his wounds, and he bent his hand towards his quiver, drew an arrow out of it and killed himself with it. Seeing this, some of the Muslims came running to the Messenger of Allah (saw) and said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), Allah has proved your word true. So-and-so has killed himself.” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Bilal (ra), stand up and announce (among the people) that none will enter Paradise except a believer, and that Allah sometimes helps this religion even through a wicked man.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6607
Sa'id bin Abi Maryam narrated to us that Abu Ghassan told us. Abu Hazim narrated to me. Abu Hazim narrated from Hazrat Sahl bin Sa'd (ra) that there was a man who was one of the Muslims and was of very great use to the Muslims. In a battle he went out with the Messenger of Allah (saw). (He was fighting excellently on the side of the Muslims.) The Prophet (saw) looked at him and said: “Whoever wishes to see a man who is among the people of Hell, let him look at this man.” Hearing this, one of the people followed him, and he was in that state, that is, he was attacking the idolaters more than all the others, until he was wounded. He hastened his death and placed the point of his sword between his breasts until it came out between his shoulders. Then that man came running to the Prophet (saw) and said: “I bear witness that you are the Messenger of Allah (saw).” He (saw) said: “What is the matter?” He said: “You said about so-and-so: ‘Whoever wishes to see one of the people of Hell, let him look at this man.’ And he was among those of us who were of great use to the Muslims, so I thought that he would not die in such a state. When he was wounded, he hastened his death and killed himself.” Thereupon the Prophet (saw) said: “A servant keeps doing deeds like those of the people of Hell while in reality he is among the people of Paradise, and (another) keeps doing deeds like those of the people of Paradise while in reality he is among the people of Hell. Deeds are judged only by their end.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6608
Abu Nu'aim narrated to us that Sufyan (bin Sa'id) told us. He narrated from Mansur (bin Mu'tamir), Mansur from Abdullah bin Murrah, Abdullah from Hazrat Ibn Umar (ra). He said: The Prophet (saw) forbade making vows and said: “It cannot turn anything back; rather, through it something is extracted from the miser.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6609
Bishr bin Muhammad narrated to us that Abdullah (bin Mubarak) told us. Ma'mar informed us. Ma'mar narrated from Hammam bin Munabbih, Hammam from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra), Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said (Allah the Exalted says:) “A vow is of no avail to the son of Adam in anything that I have not decreed for him. (Or: A vow does not bring about for the son of Adam any purpose that I have not decreed.) Rather, the vow only hands him over to the decree. And I have decreed this vow for him so that through it I may extract something from the miser.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6610
Muhammad bin Muqatil Abul Hasan narrated to me that Abdullah (bin Mubarak) told us. Khalid Hadhdha informed us. Khalid narrated from Abu Uthman Nahdi, Nahdi from Hazrat Abu Musa (ra). He said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (saw) on a military expedition. Whenever we climbed a height, or reached a height, or descended into a valley, we raised our voices with the cry of Allahu Akbar. Hazrat Abu Musa (ra) used to say: (Seeing this) the Messenger of Allah (saw) came close to us and said: “O people, restrain yourselves, gently, for you are not calling one who is deaf, nor one who is absent. You are calling the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.” Then he (saw) said: “Abdullah bin Qais, shall I not teach you a phrase that is one of the treasures of Paradise? It is: La haula wa la quwwata illa billah,” that is: there is no power (to avoid evil) and no strength (to do good) except with the help of Allah.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6611
Abdan narrated to us that Abdullah (bin Mubarak) informed us. Yunus told us. Yunus narrated from Zuhri. Zuhri said: Abu Salamah (bin Abdur Rahman) told me. Abu Salamah narrated from Hazrat Abu Sa'id Khudri (ra), Hazrat Abu Sa'id (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said: “There has never been a Khalifah who did not have two kinds of confidants: one kind of confidant who advises him to do good and urges him to it, and one kind of confidant who advises him to do evil and urges him to it. And the one protected (ma'sum) is only he whom Allah protects.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6612
Mahmud bin Ghailan narrated to me that Abdur Razzaq told us. Ma'mar informed us. Ma'mar narrated from (Abdullah) bin Tawus, Ibn Tawus from his father, his father from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra). He said: I have not seen anything more resembling lamam (minor sins) than what Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra) said, narrating from the Prophet (saw): “Allah has decreed for the son of Adam his share of fornication, which he will certainly attain. The fornication of the eye is looking, the fornication of the tongue is speaking, and the self longs and desires, and the private part confirms all this or denies it.” And Shababah (bin Sawwar) said: Warqa (bin Umar) told us this same thing from Ibn Tawus, he from his father, his father from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra), Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra) from the Prophet (saw).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6613
Humaidi narrated to us that Sufyan (bin Uyainah) told us. Amr (bin Dinar) narrated to us. Amr narrated from Ikrimah, Ikrimah from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra) that (regarding the words:) “And We made not the vision which We showed thee but as a trial for men” (Qur’an 17:61), he said: This is a sight seen with the eye which was shown to the Messenger of Allah (saw) on the night on which he (saw) was taken to Jerusalem (Bait-ul-Maqdis). And the tree which has been declared cursed in the Qur’an, he said: it is the cactus tree (Zaqqum).
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