Book 42: Irrigation Contracts (Musaqah)
Sahih al-Bukhari
Sahih al-Bukhari 2351
Sa'id bin Abi Maryam narrated to us that Abu Ghassan told us. He used to say that Abu Hazim told me. He narrated from Hazrat Sahl bin Sa'd (ra). He said that a cup was brought to the Prophet (saw). He (saw) drank from it, and on his right was a boy who was the youngest in age, and the elders were on his left. He (saw) said: “Boy, do you permit me to give this to the elders?” He said: O Messenger of Allah (saw), what is left over from you, which is my right, I will not give to anyone. Thereupon he (saw) gave it (the cup) to him.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2352
Abul Yaman narrated to us that Shu'aib told us. He narrated from Zuhri. He said that Hazrat Anas bin Malik (ra) told me that a domestic goat was milked for the Messenger of Allah (saw), and it was in the house of Hazrat Anas bin Malik (ra) itself, and its milk was mixed with water from the well that was in the house of Hazrat Anas (ra). Then they gave that cup to the Messenger of Allah (saw). He (saw) drank it. When he (saw) took the cup away from his mouth, Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) was on his left at that time and a Bedouin on his right. Hazrat Umar (ra) feared that he (saw) might give it to the Bedouin. Hazrat Umar (ra) said: O Messenger of Allah (saw), give it to Abu Bakr (ra), who is near you. But he (saw) gave it (the cup) to the Bedouin who was on his right. Then he (saw) said: “Give to the one on the right, then to the one on his right.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2353
Abdullah bin Yusuf narrated to us that Malik told us. He narrated from Abuz Zinad, Abuz Zinad from A'raj, A'raj from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra), that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Surplus water should not be withheld in order that grass may not grow.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2354
Yahya bin Bukair narrated to us that Laith told us. He narrated from Uqail, Uqail from Ibn Shihab, Ibn Shihab from (Sa'id) bin Musayyab and Abu Salamah, they from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra), that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Do not withhold surplus water in order that the surplus grass may not be able to grow.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2355
Mahmud (bin Ghailan) narrated to me that Ubaidullah (bin Musa) told me. He narrated from Isra'il, Isra'il from Abu Husain, Abu Husain from Abu Salih, Abu Salih from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra). He said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “For harm caused by a mine there is no compensation. Likewise, if someone falls into a well and dies, no compensation will be imposed for him either. Likewise, if an animal gets loose and a person comes in its way and dies, there is no compensation for that either, and for buried treasure that is found, a fifth has to be given.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2356
Abdan told us. He narrated from Abu Hamzah, Abu Hamzah from A'mash, A'mash from Shaqiq, Shaqiq from Hazrat Abdullah (bin Mas'ud) (ra), Hazrat Abdullah (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He said: “Whoever swears an oath in order to seize someone's property while he is lying in the oath will meet Allah, the Exalted, in such a state that He will be angry with him.” Then after this Allah, the Exalted, revealed this: “As for those who take a paltry price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths...” (Qur’an 3:78) (to the end of the verse).
Then Hazrat Ash'ath (ra) came and said: What did Abu Abdur Rahman (Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas'ud (ra)) narrate to you? This verse was revealed about me. I had a well in the land of a cousin of mine (there was a dispute about it). He (saw) said to me: “Bring your witnesses.” I said: (O Messenger of Allah (saw),) I have no witnesses. He (saw) said: “Then take an oath from the other party.” I said: O Messenger of Allah (saw), then he will just swear. Thereupon the Prophet (saw) narrated this hadith. Then after this Allah, the Exalted, revealed this verse to confirm him (saw).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2357
Abdan told us. He narrated from Abu Hamzah, Abu Hamzah from A'mash, A'mash from Shaqiq, Shaqiq from Hazrat Abdullah (bin Mas'ud) (ra), Hazrat Abdullah (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He said: “Whoever swears an oath in order to seize someone's property while he is lying in the oath will meet Allah, the Exalted, in such a state that He will be angry with him.” Then after this Allah, the Exalted, revealed this: “As for those who take a paltry price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths...” (Qur’an 3:78) (to the end of the verse). Then Hazrat Ash'ath (ra) came and said: What did Abu Abdur Rahman (Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas'ud (ra)) narrate to you? This verse was revealed about me. I had a well in the land of a cousin of mine (there was a dispute about it). He (saw) said to me: “Bring your witnesses.” I said: (O Messenger of Allah (saw),) I have no witnesses. He (saw) said: “Then take an oath from the other party.” I said: O Messenger of Allah (saw), then he will just swear. Thereupon the Prophet (saw) narrated this hadith. Then after this Allah, the Exalted, revealed this verse to confirm him (saw).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2358
Musa bin Isma'il narrated to us that Abdul Wahid bin Ziyad told us. He narrated from A'mash. He said: I heard Abu Salih. He used to say: I heard Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra). He used to say: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “There are three persons whom Allah will not look at (with compassion) on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them, and for them there will be a painful punishment. One, the person who has more water than he needs on a journey and did not give it to a traveller; and one, the person who pledged allegiance to an Imam and made this pledge only for the sake of the world: if he gave him worldly wealth he was pleased, and if he did not give, he was displeased; and one, the person who displayed his merchandise in the market after Asr and said: By Him besides Whom there is no one worthy of worship, I was being offered such-and-such a price for it, and then someone took him to be truthful (and bought it).” After this he (saw) recited this verse: “As for those who take a paltry price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths...” (Qur’an 3:78)
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2359
Abdullah bin Yusuf narrated to us that Laith (bin Sa'd) told us. He said: Ibn Shihab told me. He narrated from Urwah, Urwah from Hazrat Abdullah bin Zubair (ra). He told him that in the presence of the Prophet (saw) a man of the Ansar disputed with Hazrat Zubair (ra) about the watercourse of the Harrah from which people used to water the date-palms. The Ansari said (to Hazrat Zubair (ra)): Let the water flow. Hazrat Zubair (ra) refused, so the two of them brought the dispute to the Prophet (saw). The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to Hazrat Zubair (ra): “Zubair, water (your trees), then release the water for your neighbour.” The Ansari became angry and said: You have given this decision because he is the son of your paternal aunt. Thereupon the face of the Messenger of Allah (saw) changed colour and he said: “Zubair, water your trees, then hold back the water until it fills up to the embankments.” Hazrat Zubair (ra) used to say: By Allah, I think that this verse was revealed concerning this very incident: “But no, by thy Lord, they are not believers until they make thee judge in all that is in dispute between them...” (Qur’an 4:66) Muhammad bin Abbas said that Abu Abdullah (Imam Bukhari (rh)) said: Only Laith mentioned Urwah as narrating from Abdullah.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2360
Abdullah bin Yusuf narrated to us that Laith (bin Sa'd) told us. He said: Ibn Shihab told me. He narrated from Urwah, Urwah from Hazrat Abdullah bin Zubair (ra). He told him that in the presence of the Prophet (saw) a man of the Ansar disputed with Hazrat Zubair (ra) about the watercourse of the Harrah from which people used to water the date-palms. The Ansari said (to Hazrat Zubair (ra)): Let the water flow. Hazrat Zubair (ra) refused, so the two of them brought the dispute to the Prophet (saw). The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to Hazrat Zubair (ra): “Zubair, water (your trees), then release the water for your neighbour.” The Ansari became angry and said: You have given this decision because he is the son of your paternal aunt. Thereupon the face of the Messenger of Allah (saw) changed colour and he said: “Zubair, water your trees, then hold back the water until it fills up to the embankments.” Hazrat Zubair (ra) used to say: By Allah, I think that this verse was revealed concerning this very incident: “But no, by thy Lord, they are not believers until they make thee judge in all that is in dispute between them...” (Qur’an 4:66) Muhammad bin Abbas said that Abu Abdullah (Imam Bukhari (rh)) said: Only Laith mentioned Urwah as narrating from Abdullah.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2361
Abdan narrated to us that Abdullah (bin Mubarak) informed us that Ma'mar told us. He narrated from Zuhri, Zuhri from Urwah. He said: A man of the Ansar disputed with Hazrat Zubair (ra), and the Prophet (saw) said: “Zubair, water (your trees) and then release the water.” The Ansari said: You have given this decision only because he happens to be the son of your paternal aunt. Then the Holy Prophet (saw) said again: “Zubair, water (your trees). Then when the water reaches the embankments, stop watering after that (and let it go on).” Hazrat Zubair (ra) said: I think that this verse was revealed concerning this very incident: “But no, by thy Lord, they are not believers until they make thee judge in all that is in dispute between them...” (Qur’an 4:66)
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2362
Muhammad (bin Salam) narrated to us that Makhlad bin Yazid Harrani informed us. He said: Ibn Juraij told me, he said: Ibn Shihab told me, narrating from Urwah bin Zubair, that he narrated to him: A man of the Ansar disputed with Hazrat Zubair (ra) about the watercourse of the Harrah from which they used to water the date-palms. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Zubair, water your trees,” and he (saw) advised him to treat the Ansari kindly, (and said:) “Release water for your neighbour too.” The Ansari said: You have given this decision because he happens to be the son of your paternal aunt. Thereupon the face of the Messenger of Allah (saw) changed colour and he said (to Hazrat Zubair (ra)): “Water (your trees) until it reaches the embankments (of the field),” and he (saw) gave him (Hazrat Zubair (ra)) the right that was his. Hazrat Zubair (ra) said: By God, this verse was revealed concerning this very incident: “But no, by thy Lord, they are not believers until they make thee judge in all that is in dispute between them...” (Qur’an 4:66) Ibn Shihab said to me: The Ansar and other people estimated that this saying of the Prophet (saw), “Water, then hold it back until it reaches the embankments,” meant that the water in the field should reach up to the ankles.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2363
Abdullah bin Yusuf (Tinnisi) narrated to us that Malik told us. He narrated from Sumayy, Sumayy from Abu Salih, Abu Salih from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra), that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Once a man was walking along (on a road) when he became very thirsty, and he went down into a well and drank water from it. After that he came out, and what did he see but a dog panting and licking the mud out of thirst. Then the man said (to himself): It too has suffered the same hardship that I suffered. He filled his leather sock, held it with his mouth, climbed up and gave the dog to drink. Allah, the Exalted, appreciated this deed of his and forgave his sins.” The Companions (ra) asked: O Messenger of Allah (saw), will there be a reward for us even on account of animals (giving them water)? He (saw) said: “There will be a reward on account of every liver that is moist (that is, there is reward in treating every living being kindly).” Like Abdullah bin Yusuf, Hammad bin Salamah and Rabi' bin Muslim also reported the same from Muhammad bin Ziyad.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2364
(Sa'id) bin Abi Maryam narrated to us that Nafi' bin Umar told us. He narrated from Ibn Abi Mulaikah, Ibn Abi Mulaikah from Hazrat Asma' bint Abi Bakr (ra), that the Prophet (saw) offered the prayer of the solar eclipse. Then he (saw) said: “The Fire (of Hell) came so near to me that I said: O my Lord, am I too with them (the people of Hell)? Then what did I see but a woman being clawed by a cat. I asked: Why is she in this state? The angels said: This woman had kept the cat shut up until it died of hunger.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2365
Isma'il narrated to us. He said: Malik told me. He narrated from Nafi', Nafi' from Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra), that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “A woman was punished on account of a cat which she had kept shut up until it died of hunger, so she entered the Fire on account of that cat.” (Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra)) used to say: He (saw) also said: “(It was said to her:) You kept it confined, and Allah knows best, you neither fed it nor gave it to drink, nor did you let it go so that it might eat the insects of the earth.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2366
Qutaibah narrated to us that Abdul Aziz told us. He narrated from Abu Hazim, Abu Hazim from Hazrat Sahl bin Sa'd (ra). He said: A cup was brought to the Messenger of Allah (saw). He (saw) drank (from it), and on his right hand was a boy who was the youngest in the gathering, and the older people were on his left. He (saw) said: “Boy, do you permit me to give this to these elders?” He said: O Messenger of Allah (saw), the share I have received from you I am not going to give to anyone. So he (saw) gave it (the cup) to him.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2367
Muhammad bin Bashshar told us. Ghundar narrated to us that Shu'bah told us. He narrated from Muhammad bin Ziyad. (He said:) I heard Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra). He narrated from the Prophet (saw). He said: “By Him in Whose hand is my soul, I shall drive some people away from my Pool just as strange camels are driven away from a watering trough.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2368
Abdullah bin Muhammad narrated to me that Abdur Razzaq informed us that Ma'mar told us, narrating from Ayyub and Kathir bin Kathir. One of the two used to narrate somewhat more than the other. They narrated from Sa'id bin Jubair. He used to say that Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra) said: The Prophet (saw) said: “May Allah have mercy on the mother of Ishmael (as). If she had left Zamzam alone,” or he said: “If she had not taken handfuls from the water (of Zamzam), it would (today) be a flowing spring. And the tribe of Jurhum came and said: Do you permit us to stay with you? She said: Yes, but you have no right in the water. They said: Very well.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2369
Abdullah bin Muhammad (Musnadi) narrated to me that Sufyan (bin Uyainah) told us. He narrated from Amr (bin Dinar), he from Abu Salih Samman, Abu Salih from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra), Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He said: “There are three persons to whom Allah, the Exalted, will neither speak on the Day of Resurrection nor look at (with compassion). One, the person who swore an oath in selling his merchandise that he had been offered much more for it than is offered now, while he is a liar; and one, the person who swore a false oath after Asr in order to seize the property of a Muslim man; and one, the person who withheld his surplus water. Allah, the Exalted, will say: Today I too withhold My grace from you, just as you withheld that surplus which your hands had not made.” Ali (bin Madini) used to say: Sufyan told us several times, narrating from Amr (bin Dinar), that he heard the same from Abu Salih. He used to trace this (hadith) back to the Prophet (saw).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2370
Yahya bin Bukair narrated to us that Laith told us. He narrated from Yunus, Yunus from Ibn Shihab, Ibn Shihab from Ubaidullah bin Abdullah bin Utbah, Ubaidullah from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra), that Hazrat Sa'b bin Jaththamah (ra) said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “The reserved pasture (Hima) belongs only to Allah and His Messenger.” And (Imam Bukhari (rh)) said: This report has reached us that the Prophet (saw) declared Naqi' a reserved pasture, and Hazrat Umar (ra) Sharaf and Rabadhah.
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