Book 87: Blood Money (Diyah)
Sahih al-Bukhari
Sahih al-Bukhari 6861
Qutaibah bin Sa'id narrated to us that Jarir (bin Abdul Hamid) told us. He narrated from A'mash, A'mash from Abu Wa'il, Abu Wa'il from Amr bin Shurahbil. He said that Hazrat Abdullah (bin Mas'ud (ra)) used to say: A man said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), which sin is the greatest in the sight of Allah?” He (saw) said: “That you call upon (another) as an equal to Allah, although He (Allah) created you.” He asked: “Then which sin?” He (saw) said: “Then that you kill your children lest they should eat with you.” He asked: “Then which?” He (saw) said: “That you commit adultery with your neighbour's wife.” Then Allah, the Mighty and Glorious, sent down this verse in confirmation of it: “And those who call not on any other god along with Allah, nor kill a person that Allah has forbidden except for just cause, nor commit adultery (or fornication), and he who does that shall meet with the punishment of sin.” (Qur’an 25:69).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6862
Ali (bin Ja'd) narrated to us that Ishaq bin Sa'id bin Amr bin Sa'id bin As told us. He narrated from his father, his father from Hazrat Ibn Umar (ra). He said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “A believer always remains in latitude with regard to his religion so long as he does not shed blood unlawfully.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6863
Ahmad bin Ya'qub narrated to me that Ishaq bin Sa'id told us. He said: I heard my father. He narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra). He said: Among the entangling matters into which a man throws himself and finds no way out is the unlawful shedding of blood that has been made inviolable.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6864
Ubaidullah bin Musa narrated to us. He narrated from A'mash, A'mash from Abu Wa'il, Abu Wa'il from Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas'ud (ra). He said: The Prophet (saw) said: “The first of the matters to be judged between people is blood.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6865
Abdan narrated to us that Abdullah (bin Mubarak) told us. Yunus narrated to us. Yunus narrated from Zuhri. Ata bin Yazid narrated to us that Ubaidullah bin Adi told him that Hazrat Miqdad bin Amr Kindi (ra), who was an ally of the Banu Zuhrah, told him, and Hazrat Miqdad (ra) took part in the Battle of Badr with the Prophet (saw). He said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), if I encounter a disbeliever and we fight each other, and he strikes my hand with the sword and cuts it off, then takes cover behind a tree and says: ‘I have become a Muslim for the sake of Allah,’ shall I kill him after he has said this?” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Do not kill him.” He said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), but he struck off one of my hands and then said this after cutting off the hand; may I then kill him?” He (saw) said: “Do not kill him. If you kill him, he will be in the position in which you were before you killed him, and you will be in his position in which he was before he said the word which he said.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6866
And Habib bin Abi Amrah said: It is narrated from Sa'id. Sa'id narrated from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra). He said: The Prophet (saw) said to Hazrat Miqdad (ra): “If a believing man, living among disbelieving people, conceals his faith and then reveals his faith, and you kill him: you too used to conceal your faith in this way in Mecca before this.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6867
Qabisah (bin Uqbah) narrated to us that Sufyan (bin Uyainah) told us. He narrated from A'mash, A'mash from Abdullah bin Murrah, Abdullah from Masruq, Masruq from Hazrat Abdullah (bin Mas'ud) (ra), Hazrat Abdullah (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said: “No soul is killed but a share of its sin falls upon the first son of Adam.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6868
Abul Walid narrated to us that Shu'bah told us. He said: Waqid bin Abdullah told me. Waqid narrated from his father. His father heard Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra). He narrated from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said: “Do not become disbelievers again after me, striking off one another's necks.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6869
Muhammad bin Bashshar narrated to us that Ghundar told us. Shu'bah narrated to us. Shu'bah narrated from Ali bin Mudrik. Ali said: I heard Abu Zur'ah bin Amr bin Jarir; he narrated from Jarir. He said: At the Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajjat-ul-Wada) the Prophet (saw) said to me: “Make the people be quiet.” (Then he (saw) said:) “Do not become disbelievers again after me, striking one another's necks.” Hazrat Abu Bakrah (ra) and Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra) also narrated this hadith from the Prophet (saw).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6870
Muhammad bin Bashshar narrated to me that Muhammad bin Ja'far told us. Shu'bah narrated to us. Shu'bah narrated from Firas (bin Yahya), Firas from Sha'bi, Sha'bi from Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr (ra), Hazrat Abdullah (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said: “The great sins are these: associating partners with Allah and disobeying parents,” or he (saw) said: “deliberately swearing a false oath.” Shu'bah had this doubt in narrating it. And Mu'adh (Anbari) said that Shu'bah narrated to us. He said: The great sins are these: associating partners with Allah, deliberately swearing a false oath and disobeying parents, or he said: and killing a soul unjustly.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6871
وَقَوْلُ الزُّورِ أَوْ قَالَ وَشَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ.
Ishaq bin Mansur narrated to us that Abdus Samad (bin Abdul Warith) told us. Shu'bah narrated to us that Ubaidullah bin Abi Bakr told us. Ubaidullah heard Hazrat Anas bin Malik (ra). He narrated from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said: “The great sins ...” And Amr (bin Marzuq) also narrated to us that Shu'bah told us. He narrated from (Ubaidullah) Ibn Abi Bakr, he from Hazrat Anas bin Malik (ra), Hazrat Anas (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said: “The greatest of the great sins are these: associating partners with Allah, killing a soul, disobeying parents, and telling lies,” or he (saw) said: “and giving false testimony.”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6872
Amr bin Zurarah narrated to us that Hushaim told us. Husain (bin Abdur Rahman) narrated to us. Husain narrated from Abu Zabyan. Abu Zabyan said: I heard Hazrat Usamah bin Zaid bin Harithah (ra). He said in his narration that the Messenger of Allah (saw) sent us to the tribe of Huruqah, who are a branch of Juhainah. He used to say: We raided that people in the morning and defeated them and put them to flight. He used to relate that I and a man of the Ansar pursued one of their men. He used to say: When we had surrounded him, he said La ilaha illallah (there is none worthy of worship except Allah). Hazrat Usamah (ra) said: Hearing this, the Ansari held back from him, and I struck him with my spear and killed him. He says: When we came to Medina, this news reached the Prophet (saw). He used to say: He (saw) said to me: “Usamah (ra), did you kill him after he had said La ilaha illallah?” He used to say: I said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), he was only saving his life.” He (saw) said: “Did you kill him after he had said La ilaha illallah?” Hazrat Usamah (ra) used to say: He (saw) kept repeating these words before me until I wished that I had not become a Muslim before that day.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6873
Abdullah bin Yusuf narrated to us that Laith told us. Yazid (bin Abi Habib) narrated to us. Yazid narrated from Abul Khair, Abul Khair from (Abdur Rahman bin Usailah) Sunabihi, Sunabihi from Hazrat Ubadah bin Samit (ra). He said: I too am one of those leaders (nuqaba) who pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (saw). We pledged allegiance to him (saw) that we would not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill the soul which Allah has made sacred, nor plunder, nor disobey the commandments of Allah. We would have Paradise if we did this, and if we committed any of these sins, its judgement rests with Allah.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6874
Musa bin Isma'il narrated to us that Juwairiyah told us. He narrated from Nafi, Nafi from Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra), Hazrat Abdullah (ra) from the Prophet (saw). He (saw) said: “Whoever takes up arms against us is not of us.” Hazrat Abu Musa (ra) also narrated this hadith from the Prophet (saw).
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6875
Abdur Rahman bin Mubarak narrated to us that Hammad bin Zaid told us. Ayyub and Yunus narrated to us. Both of them narrated from Hasan (Basri), Hasan from Ahnaf bin Qais. He said: I went to help this man, and Hazrat Abu Bakrah (ra) met me and asked: “Where are you heading?” I said: “I shall help this man.” He said: “Go back, for I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw). He (saw) used to say that when two Muslims confront each other with their swords, both the killer and the killed will be in the Fire. I said: ‘O Messenger of Allah (saw), this one is the killer, but what is the sin of the one killed?’ He (saw) said: ‘He too was eager to kill his companion.’”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6876
Hajjaj bin Minhal narrated to us that Hammam (bin Yahya) told us. He narrated from Qatadah, Qatadah from Hazrat Anas bin Malik (ra), that a Jew crushed the head of a girl between two stones. The girl was asked: “Who did this to you? Was it so-and-so, or so-and-so?” until the name of that Jew was mentioned. He was brought to the Prophet (saw). He (saw) kept questioning him until he confessed to the deed, and then his head too was crushed with a stone.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6877
Muhammad (bin Abdullah bin Numair) narrated to us that Abdullah bin Idris told us. He narrated from Shu'bah, Shu'bah from Hisham bin Zaid bin Anas, Hisham from his grandfather Hazrat Anas bin Malik (ra). He said: A girl went out in Medina wearing silver ornaments. Hazrat Anas (ra) used to say: A Jew struck her with a stone and wounded her. He used to say: The girl was brought to the Prophet (saw). There was still some life left in her, and the Messenger of Allah (saw) asked her: “Did so-and-so strike you?” She raised her head. Then he (saw) asked her: “Did so-and-so strike you?” She raised her head. Then he (saw) asked her a third time: “Did so-and-so strike you?” She lowered her head, and thereupon the Messenger of Allah (saw) summoned that man, and he (saw) had him too killed with two stones.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6878
Umar bin Hafs narrated to us that my father told us. A'mash narrated to us. A'mash narrated from Abdullah bin Murrah, Abdullah from Masruq (bin Ajda'), Masruq from Hazrat Abdullah (bin Mas'ud (ra)). He said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “The blood of a Muslim man who affirms that there is none worthy of worship except Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah (saw) is not lawful except in one of three cases: one who has killed a soul, the married adulterer, and the one who has left the religion and is one who abandons the community (Jama'at).”
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6879
Muhammad bin Bashshar narrated to us that Muhammad bin Ja'far told us. Shu'bah narrated to us. Shu'bah narrated from Hisham bin Zaid, Hisham from Hazrat Anas (ra), that a Jew killed a girl because of some ornaments she was wearing; he struck the girl with a stone. The people brought the girl to the Prophet (saw); there was still some life left in her. He (saw) asked: “Did so-and-so strike you?” She made a sign with her head: no. Then he (saw) asked again, and she made a sign with her head: no. Then he (saw) asked a third time, and she said: yes. The Prophet (saw) had that killer killed with two stones.
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Sahih al-Bukhari 6880
Abu Nu'aim narrated to us that Shaiban told us. He narrated from Yahya (bin Abi Kathir), Yahya from Abu Salamah, Abu Salamah from Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra), that Khuza'ah killed a man. And Abdullah bin Raja said: Harb (bin Shaddad) narrated to us, narrating from Yahya (bin Abi Kathir), that Abu Salamah told us that Hazrat Abu Hurairah (ra) narrated to us: In the year in which Mecca was conquered, Khuza'ah killed a man of the Banu Laith in retaliation for one of their own who had been killed in the Time of Ignorance (Jahiliyyah). Seeing this, the Messenger of Allah (saw) stood up and said: “Allah held back the elephants from Mecca, and He has given His Messenger and the believers victory over the people of Mecca. Listen, this Mecca was not made lawful for anyone before me, nor will it be lawful for anyone after me. Listen, and even for me it was made lawful only for an hour of a day. Listen, it is now at this time a sanctuary (Haram): its thorns are not to be uprooted, its trees are not to be cut, and no one is to pick up anything dropped in it except one who will announce it. And whoever has a relative killed is entitled to choose one of two things: either he is given the blood money, or retaliation is taken for him.” Hearing this, a man from the people of Yemen stood up, who was called Abu Shah (ra). He said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), have this written down for me.” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Write this command down for Abu Shah (ra).” Then after this a man of the Quraish got up and said: “O Messenger of Allah (saw), except the idhkhir grass, for we use it in our houses and our graves.” So the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Except idhkhir.” And (like Harb bin Shaddad) Ubaidullah (bin Musa) also, narrating from Shaiban, mentioned the elephants. Some narrators, narrating from Abu Nu'aim, quoted the word qatl (killing) (instead of qatil (one killed)), and Ubaidullah (bin Musa) said thus: “or retaliation is given to the heirs of the one killed.”
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